The Ban Quoc Dia Do (The Map of the Country) drew the position of the provinces and big mountains from Nam Quan border gate to Bien Hoa, Vinh Long printed in the book titled Khai dong thuyet uoc (The primer for elementary school children). On this map, there were three words Hoang Sa chu (Hoang Sa islands) inscribed in Chinese characters at the sea off Central Viet Nam
The book was compiled and print-carved for the first time in the sixth year of Tu Duc's reign (1853) to be used as text book. The inclusion of the place name of Hoang Sa in the textbook show that the Nguyen dynasty had attached importance to the sovereignty over Hoang Sa archipelago and to the education of awareness of sovereignty for young generations
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